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In my pursuit of the 100 BEST courses in Canada, I use SCOREGolf's Top100 lists as a guide, playing every other serious contender that I can find. Played all of the courses on the 2016 Top 100 (Oct 7, 2018 @ 26 yrs old), the 2018 Top 100 (Aug 2, 2024 @ 32 yrs old), the 2020 Top 100 (June 16, 2024 @ 32 yrs old), the 2022 Top 100 (May 17, 2024 @ 32 yrs old). I'm the only person living outside of the Toronto area to have played a Canadian top 100 list, was the 2nd to ever complete such a list, and am the only to complete 3+ lists. 98/100 played on SCOREGolf 2024 list. Continuing to chase top 100 contenders, and other greats around the world.

Thursday 2 June 2022

Jasper Park Lodge - Supplement #1 (Eden)


Jasper Park Lodge was the first course I wrote about when creating this blog in 2012. Not only is it the single most influential golf course in my ongoing obsession with golf course architecture, but also among the most important projects in Canadian golf history.

It was the first of Canada's 'golden age elite' that I had the privilege of playing, which (obviously) resulted in a limited understanding of what I was seeing. At the time I didn't understand why JPL changed my perspective of golf course design; it just did.

I played the course as many times as possible while the junior rate was available to me, then set off to play anywhere and everywhere throughout my 20s. It wasn't until late 2020 (a few years after completing the entire top 100) that I revisited Jasper Park Lodge.

While I expect to have several supplementary posts for this course over my lifetime, I wanted to get this first one in ASAP as a way of recording my thoughts. From my time retracing steps on these sacred grounds, reading about the course's origins, and viewing maps from the 1920s, I've come to a few realizations that I don't believe have ever been documented. Most recently, I did not see any mention of the following ideas in Ian Andrew's book "In Every Genius There's a Little Madness" (a read that I highly recommend).

Unlike many American counterparts of his era, Stanley Thompson is not known for creating template holes - holes on different golf courses that clearly follow a recurring visual and/or strategic theme. Charles Blair Macdonald was the first to normalize this practice, which was carried forward by his associate Seth Raynor (and later, by his associate Charles Banks). Many of the Macdonald/Raynor templates are still frequently constructed today. Lesser architects will even emulate them unknowingly, due to their prevalence in the golf world.

Thompson was more inclined to craft 18 unique holes, as he and no others had seen before. He was a master at utilizing the terrain, allowing nature to shape his golf courses. Thompson simply identified the holes that were already there (and added some of the most artistic bunkering the world had ever seen). Though he was a proponent of variety within each golf course (par 3s of varying length, par 4s of varying challenge/opportunity, par 5s with varying risk/reward, etc.), he did not recreate holes on different golf courses. However different each creation is, each is uniquely and undeniably his. This is part of what makes playing a Thompson course for the first time particularly exciting.

While Thompson did not continuously recreate 'template' holes, he did unquestionably draw inspiration from the world's greatest existing golf courses at the time. In the 100+ years since Thompson began building golf courses, public opinion has evolved. Golfers are now more likely to identify a "short" par 3 (a wedge/short iron to a heavily contoured green with penal surrounds) or a "cape" par 4 (a mid-length hole doglegging softly to a green surrounded by hazards on 3 sides) given their popularity and prevalence. In the age of photography-guided architecture, both tend to (not surprisingly) be beautiful holes.

However, in the early 1900s St. Andrew's 11th hole (Eden) was considered to be the ideal par 3. A mid-length one-shotter to a green sloping sharply back to front, with a collection area at the rear of the green (leaving a dreadful 2nd shot if missing long off of the tee). The Eden hole, named after the River Eden which frames St. Andrews 11th, includes three bunkers: Hill (left flank), Strath (fronting pot bunker) and Cockleshell (large bunker short of the green). A 4th bunker (Eden) is often included on re-creations in place of the depression to the rear.

Old Course at St. Andrews 11th hole (source: Google Maps)

Though not as photogenic from the tee as it's modern counterparts, the Eden hole was so strategically strong that CB Macdonald adopted it as one of his template holes; nearly every Macdonald course includes a reinterpretation of this hole. In fact, it was so commonly created that there is fierce debate as to which Eden is the best (aside from the original, of course). The debated Edens are all in the USA, with the vast majority in the northeast.

Let me add one more to the conversation: the 12th hole at Jasper Park Lodge.

I believe I am the first person to identify this hole as an authentic adaptation of the Eden hole. It's not surprising that others before me have not made this connection because A) Thompson has never been known to have built template holes B) the most commonly used tee box on JPL is not an original tee, and substantially changes the angle of the tee shot (thereby, the perception of the hole) C) the Cockleshell bunker is rarely used in American renditions, thus altering the common perception of an Eden's appearance.

Ironically, the fact that JPL's Eden is so visually different from all (but 1) of the Edens in the USA is what makes it so good. In fact, it may be the single most authentic golden era re-creation of the hole in North America... accepting that it is a mirror-image, or reverse-Eden. The characteristics of the hole are unmistakable.

JPL #12 (source: Google Maps)

While much more apparent when walking the land, the satellite image clear shows the distinct Strath and Cockleshell bunkers (now to the left) and the Hill bunker to the right. As with all North American Eden holes, there is an Eden bunker to the rear in place of a deep swale. When you walk to the current tee, the Cockleshell bunker looks out of place... it's no wonder it was intended to be more in the golfer's line of sight.

There are several reasons why I have absolutely no doubt that Stanley Thompson intended for this to be his adaptation of the Eden.

1) Thompson had a huge appreciation for the links courses of the UK, and (though I'm yet able to confirm his travel logs) toured many while serving the Canadian Armed Forces during WWI.

2) Thompson greatly admired the National Golf Links of America, and viewed it as a modern masterpiece. The golf course was the origin of CB Macdonald's template holes - a collection of what he believed to be the best holes in the British Isles - which he would reuse on each golf course. Macdonald's Eden hole at NGLA, visually, is the most similar to the Eden hole at the Old Course (although the green lacks the severity needed to make it a standout hole). I can't possibly fathom Thompson creating a hole that so closely resembles TOC #11 and NGLA #13 without intent.

3) If there is anything Thompson was known for, it was his larger-than-life personality; his nickname 'The Toronto Terror' was earned. Those with knowledge of some famous Thompson tales (tree clearing at Capilano, bunker shaping on JPL #9 - Cleopatra, and strong-handing the CPR to expand his budget for Banff Springs) would expect nothing less than some one-upsmanship... even when it came to someone who Thompson revered as much as CB Macdonald. Given the dullness of the green at NGLA's Eden, as well as somewhat underwhelming bunkering, I believe Thompson wished to build his own 'ode to St. Andrews' with more authentic features.

NGLA's Eden #13 (my photo, 2018)

If one has any suspicions as to the resemblance between the current hole and the original Eden, consider the two images below:

Original JPL Course Map
(source: Ian Andrew's "In Every Genius There's a Little Madness)

Stanley Thompson's original rendering of the 12th hole bears a remarkable resemblance to NGLA's Eden hole. Note the original tee position, playing ACROSS the Cockleshell bunker. Also note that there was originally an Eden bunker marked to protect the back of the green (in lockstep with North American Edens). Whether or not the Eden bunker was originally built: I am doubtful, but don't know for certain.

Amended JPL blueprint - 1929
(source: Ian Andrew's "In Every Genius There's a Little Madness)

With the tug-of-war between Banff Springs and Jasper Park Lodge in the mid-late 1920s, Thompson was brought back shortly after completion of the course to add artistic flair and character to the originally simple looking JPL course (in an attempt to out-do Banff's dramatic features). Bunkers were re-carved with mounding added throughout the course, often to mimic the mountainous vistas. As visible in the above 1929 map, there is no Eden bunker behind the green, but rather a deep depression. I believe that Thompson's original plan for the hole was heavily influenced by the National Golf Links. An amendment was made shortly thereafter (removing the 4th bunker and adding character to others) to pay homage to the Eden at St. Andrews.

As seen on the earlier Google Maps satellite image, the rear Eden bunker has been added in accordance with the original course map. While I prefer the authentic 3-bunker configuration, the Eden bunker is an 8' deep show-stopper (below).

"Eden" bunker, off the back of the 11th hole (my photo, 2020)


Given the strong contouring of this green relative to the Eden at the NGLA, I believe the 1929 variation of Jasper Park Lodge's 12th not only was a (reverse) Eden... I'm confident it was the single most faithfully re-created North American Eden of the early 20th century.

Stanley Thompson's Eden (my photo, 2010)


While I wanted to make sure to publish this particular article ASAP, I have two others that I intend on writing in coming weeks regarding other holes at JPL. The first is an in-depth follow up to a brief writeup I did for SCOREGolf magazine in 2020 about the 'Cape' 14th hole. Given that I've already published my understanding of this hole as another out-of-character template variation, it was a less urgent blog entry than this one. Lastly, there is one other hole at JPL with strong Old Course/NGLA origins that I'm eager to dive into. I will leave my readers guessing as to which hole I may be referring to.


'Til next time, keep your stick on the ice!

The Golfing Canuck




Thursday 17 January 2019

Canada's Top 100: COMPLETE

Well folks, 2018 was a year to remember!


I entered the season at 67/100, having played every top 100 west of Hamilton. Of the remaining 33, 28 were in Ontario, 1 in Quebec, 3 in Nova Scotia, with 1 pesky outlier in Newfoundland. This total was far more than I could have played in one or two trips (based on the high number and geographic dispersion of these remaining courses). Consequently, I approached the year with the intent of playing as many as possible, and returning in 2019 to finish off whatever I couldn't get to in 2018.

My first big trip targeted the Muskoka region, a golf rich area that I had yet to visit. While I've grown accustomed to 36 hole days, I knew I would need to ramp-up the intensity of this trip. Planned for mid-June, I knew the long days would allow me to tackle several 54 hole days on the tightly packed set of top 100 courses in the region. This is precisely what I did! Along with a few elusive rounds in the GTA that I was extremely fortunate to arrange (Goodwood, Magna, etc.), I finished the trip having added 19 new top 100 courses to my list in only an 8 day span.

The signature 14th at Oviinbyrd - the crown jewel of Muskoka golf

With a trip previously planned to NY, I decided to piggy-back a few days in Nova Scotia to make the pilgrimage to Cabot and Highlands Links. With flights booked, I made the bold decision to ferry to Newfoundland (a 7 hour overnight ferry) for a single day to play Humber Valley... when in Rome...

The wildly hectic itinerary of the NY/NS/NL trip took a toll on me, but I headed home at 90/100 (as well as 30/100 of America's greatest, having added NGLA, Friars Head, Winged Foot x2, and many others).

Par 4 17th on Canada's best course (seconds before a near albatross)

While still in New York I received a surprise invitation to play the Toronto Golf Club in roughly 2 week's time. This had been the most challenging golf course for me to access on my Canadian top 100 list. This was my opportunity!

I booked flights to return to the east within a few days of arriving home (on minimal rest, as previously mentioned). 10 courses remained. Of those, TGC and Rosedale were the anchor rounds, being the most difficult to arrange. Seven others were simply a matter of days/conditions. One would be a hurdle.

Google map the drive from Rideau View Golf Club to the Fairmont Le Manoir Richelieu if you want to know what I mean.

With the finish line in sight (and with a little help from the Yankees/Red Sox ALDS play-by-play), I got through my first 9 rounds. 99/100. Only Rosedale remained. The 10 hour drive from #99 Richelieu to #100 Rosedale is the furthest I have driven to golf on consecutive days. I reached Ottawa at roughly 1:00 am, and completely the journey back to Toronto the next morning.

Dramatic 1st tee (#10 for my round) at Le Manoir Richelieu
When the finish line came into sight earlier in 2018, I pondered where I'd like to end my great endeavor. The obvious answer was #1 Cabot Cliffs, though I soon came to realize that this wouldn't be possible (with how trip planning came together). With the 10 courses I had left going into my final trip, I decided Toronto GC or Rosedale would be fitting locations to complete the list.. should the golfing gods allow. My storybook ending fell perfectly into place.

A grim forecast kept many members from Rosedale on the day I was scheduled, yet the rain never fell. My threesome was one of only two on the course.

Years ago I would catch myself dreaming of how I would complete the top 100 - strolling down the 18th fairway to thunderous applause. Like a (soon-to-be) first time major champion with a 12 shot lead on the 72nd hole. OK... I might not have envision quite the reception that Tiger received when he closed out the 1997 Masters, but I thought it would be a highly celebrated occasion. Perhaps friends and family would be there to congratulate me on this rarest of accomplishments.

It was, in a way, poetically ironic that I completed my journey nearly in isolation, with only my two hosts commending my efforts. The solitude of the game (especially when golfing alone) is what initially got me hooked as a 13-year-old. 13 years later, on a mostly empty golf course, I became the second person to play all of Canada's 100 best golf courses.

The final stroke of my top 100

One monumental feat complete. Many more to come.


'Til next time, keep your stick on the ice!

The Golfing Canuck